SULT2A1 and interstitial lung disease: DHEAS levels were correlated with pulmonary function in men with fibrotic ILD (FVC %-predicted r = 0.22, p = 0.03; DLCO %-predicted r = 0.33, p = 0.002; CPI r = − 0.34, p < 0.001), with non-significant correlations between DHEAS levels and pulmonary function in women (Fig. 5A–C).