ALB and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A total of 34 predictors were available for meta-analysis, of which 15 predictors, namely, male sex, advanced age, ASA scale ≥3, anemia, COPD, coronary heart disease, arrhythmia, congestive heart failure, chronic kidney disease, cerebrovascular accident, time from injury to surgery, delayed surgery > 48 h after admission or injury, lower preoperative hemoglobin and ALB levels, lower partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood, and higher BUN and alanine aminotransferase levels, were statistically significant.