Growth curves were generated after seven or eight days of the second infection demonstrating growth retardation of 70% in SUDHL-1 using CD147 shRNA B or of 59% in SUDHL-1 and 47% in KiJK using CD147 shRNA A (Fig. 3D, Supplementary Fig. 6E), despite the normal expression of ALK, P-STAT3, P-STAT5 and P-STAT1 (Fig. 3C). Here, STAT1 is linked to infection.