A novel addition to the list of HCC specific aptamers comes from the research groups of Weizhong Wu and Jia Ling who published several papers about a Glypican-3 (GPC3) binding DNA aptamer termed AP613-1 and used it for fluorescence imaging and MRI (see also section 3.1) 44, 45, 56. This evidence concerns the gene GPC3 and hepatocellular carcinoma.