We believe that our findings will have implications not only for the mechanisms of hypoxia-induced excessive erythropoiesis but also for other GATA1- and p53-regulated erythropoiesis-related diseases (such as Diamond-Blackfan anemia and acute megakaryoblastic leukemia) as well as hypoxia-mediated oncogenic signaling and diseases (e.g., renal cell carcinoma, sarcomas, neuroblastoma)14,15,51,52. Here, GATA1 is linked to neuroblastoma.