INS and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: Furthermore, some in vitro studies using perfused pancreas have suggested that NMB can act as an insulin-stimulating peptide22, but there is no consensus on the stimulatory effects of NMB on insulin secretion or on blood glucose levels32 Given these previous observations and the requirement for safe and effective anti-obesity treatments, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of NMB in the control of energy homeostasis and glucose metabolism.