(33), using the CD4+CD25high127lowFoxP3+ phenotype to define CD4+ Tregs, observed decreased proportion of both nCD4+ Tregs and iCD4+ Tregs (ex-vivo activation of T cells with anti-CD3/CD28) in CVID; however, they did not observe any significant difference between the autoimmune and non-autoimmune disease groups. The gene discussed is CD28; the disease is common variable immunodeficiency.