Thus, we assumed that in the pathology of PCOS, ER Ca2+ was consumed in the state of ER stress accompanied by oscillation of cytosolic free Ca2+, and the SOCE was activated as an adaptive program in cells with the upregulated expression of STIM1, Orai1, STIM2, and Orai2. The gene discussed is STIM1; the disease is polycystic ovary syndrome.