PTGS2 and neoplasm: Similar findings were reported using in vitro models of gastric cancer, where the combination of curcumin with 5-FU resulted in an increase in cellular toxicity and a reduction in the expression of COX-2 (Cyclooxygenase-2) and NF-κB (Nuclear Factor NF-Kappa-B); likewise, a reduction in tumor size were observed in nude-mice inoculated with MKN45 cells and exposed to 5-FU and curcumin, when compared with mice only treated with 5-FU [13].