APOE and atherosclerosis: Kirk et al. (68) compared the effects of a standard diet (0.02% iron) and a 2% carbonyl iron diet on atherosclerosis in ApoE–/– mice and demonstrated that 2% iron diet did not exacerbate, but rather reduced the severity of atherosclerosis, although levels of ferritin and iron both were significantly higher in liver and serum from mice fed the 2% iron diet than those from controls.