PRKN and Alzheimer disease: VDAC1, a porin protein abundantly located at OMM that mediates ATP production and the trafficking of nucleotide and metabolites, functions as a target for Parkin-directed poly-ubiquitin chains, and regulates Parkin recruitment (Sun et al., 2012), thus playing an indispensable role in PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy (Geisler et al., 2010; Yamaguchi et al., 2016) and AD pathogenesis (Manczak and Reddy, 2012b; Shoshan-Barmatz et al., 2018; Chi et al., 2021).