Expression and secretion of the anti-PD-L1-scFv were confirmed by infecting adenocarcinoma human alveolar basal epithelial cells (A549) with a dose of 50 vp/cell of either modified or un-modified Ad, used as a control, and assessing scFv secretion by Western blotting analysis with an anti-Hys-tag mAb on media conditioned with infected cells for 48 and 72 h. The gene discussed is CD274; the disease is adenocarcinoma.