With the exception of the study by Mayer-Barber et al., which used zileuton to block 5-LO as an HDT for TB and identified an important role for PGE2 and IL-1β in the beneficial effects of the intervention (Mayer-Barber et al., 2014), most of the studies that used anti-inflammatory strategies as HDTs for TB did not characterize the precise mechanisms involved. The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is tuberculosis.