While many studies have identified a predominantly type 1 immune response in sarcoidosis (e.g. cytokines including IL-2, IL-12, IL-18, and IFN-γ); others have identified type 3 cytokines (e.g. IL-17 family), or co-production of Type 1 (IFN-γ) and Type 3 (IL-17) cytokines (Th17.1 phenotype)11–13. This evidence concerns the gene IL17A and sarcoidosis.