The deficiency of neuropeptide orexin/hypocretin or its receptors, OX1R/HCRTR1 and OX2R/HCRTR2 (hereafter OX1R and OX2R for simplicity), results in narcolepsy-like phenotypes, such as abnormal wake to REMS transition and cataplexy, in mice (Chemelli et al., 1999; Kalogiannis et al., 2010; Kohlmeier et al., 2013). The gene discussed is NPS; the disease is narcolepsy.