Effector memory and AY036118+ cells had a very similar gene expression profile and up-regulated memory genes such as Il7r (encodes IL-7R), Tcf7 (encodes TCF-1), and Slamf6 (encodes Ly108) as well as effector genes such as Tbx21 (encodes T-bet) and Klrg1; however, only the latter cluster up-regulated AY036118, which encodes the transcriptional repressor ERF1 (Verykokakis et al, 2007) and was recently reported to be up-regulated in CD8 T cells with repressed activation in a lung cancer model (Burger et al, 2021). Here, CD8A is linked to lung carcinoma.