VTN and neoplasm: PAI-1 modulates cell adhesion and migration via competing with integrins and uPAR for vitronectin binding sites and can act as co-receptor for LDLRs and convey mitogenic signalling [172, 174–176] High levels of both uPAS components and PAI-1 might also be required for the precise spatial and temporal regulation of tumor cell invasion and focalized ECM remodelling [177, 178].