PRAME and cancer: Although CRL2pVHL components are not traditionally considered oncogenes, they have been associated with cancer progression, often through interactions with alternative substrate-recognition subunits such as preferentially expressed antigen in melanoma (PRAME) (Jalava et al., 2009; Costessi et al., 2011; Okumura et al., 2012; Yang et al., 2013; Xu et al., 2015; Wang et al., 2016).