The TGF-β signaling pathway is mainly involved in the activation of fibroblasts during fibrogenesis, and activated PLK1, as a promoter of fibroblast differentiation, could form a positive feedback loop with TGF-β 19-22, jointly illuminating that PLK1 plays vital roles in the regulation of both CCA tumor cells and CAF-derived stroma, making it an ideal target for cancer-specific silencing. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is cholangiocarcinoma.