Increased IL-6 expression in TAMs was reported to promote cancer cell survival resistance to hypoxia 68; IL-10 is known to suppress immune surveillance, inhibit apoptosis, and to enhance migration of cancer cells 69, 70; overexpression of PD-L1 disrupts T-cell proliferation and function 71 and VEGF enhances BC growth and angiogenesis 72. This evidence concerns the gene VEGFA and cancer.