In the LPS-induced ALI, xanthohumol (10 or 50 mg/kg, i.p.), a prenylflavonoid extracted from the hop plants (Humulus lupulus) (0, 18, 35, and 70 μmol/kg, i.p., for 30 min), showed a protective effect against oxidative stress and inflammatory damage by regulation of the Nrf2 pathway through AMPK/GSK3β activation, and suppression of LPS-activated Txnip / NLRP3 inflammation and the NF-κB signaling pathway (64). This evidence concerns the gene NLRP3 and acute respiratory distress syndrome.