TNF and hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy: coli administrated upregulated IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α in the NC, CIP, and TE group (Figures 7A–C), L. paracasei treatment before E. coli O8 administration did not upregulate IL-6, IL-1β, or TNF-α compared with the CK group (P > 0.05), however, L. paracasei treatment after E. coli O8 administration significantly downregulated IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α in the TE group compared with the NC group (P < 0.01).