HNRNPU and viral infectious disease: In the present study, by combining Assay for Transposase-Accessible Chromatin with high throughput sequencing (ATAC-seq), Chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by sequencing (ChIP-seq) and bulk RNA- sequencing (RNA-seq), we assessed the genome-wide chromatin accessibility and gene expression in wild type and SAFA deficient cells after viral infection, and found that SAFA was essential for increasing the chromatin accessibility and activating the induction of antiviral immune genes.