IER3 and cancer: Furthermore, most of the nine genes in ccHPS have been reported to be associated with the tumor prognosis in different human cancer types, such as IER3 is a prognostic factor in bladder cancer [47], expression increased KLF7 promotes tumor cell growth and metastasis in pancreatic cancer [48] and tumor cell migration in oral squamous cell carcinoma [49], and STC1 is a prognostic predictor in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma [50] and colorectal cancer [51].