Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapies targeting programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1), programmed death receptor ligand 1 (PD-L1), and cytotoxic T lymphocytes antigen 4 (CTLA4) have become a major modality for the treatment of ccRCC (41, 42). The gene discussed is CTLA4; the disease is nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma.