Stroke mice that received gut microbiota from sodium butyrate-treated mice had a smaller cerebral infarct volume than mice that received gut microbiota from NaCl-treated mice. This protection was also associated with improvements in gut barrier function, reduced serum levels of LPS, LPS binding protein, and proinflammatory cytokines, and improvements in the BBB. This evidence concerns the gene LBP and cerebral infarction.