Additionally, GSEA analysis demonstrate that the low-risk group mainly enriched in some metabolic and self-repair-related pathways was conducive to maintain the balance of Internal environment and homeostasis, while the high-risk group was enriched in some pro-tumor signaling pathways, such as TGF-β, WNT, and ECM signaling pathways, thus leading to the tumor growth and metastasis23,41–43. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is neoplasm.