The USP44 gene, harboring the only non-synonymous variant identified in this multi-population GWAS meta-analysis, has been associated with type 2 diabetes [36,37], C-reactive protein levels [38], and acute myeloid leukemia [39] in prior GWAS, but has not been implicated in anthropometric traits in prior studies. This evidence concerns the gene USP44 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.