Nevertheless, C1-INH replacement by the use of human C1-INH concentrate, inhibiting pathways leading to bradykinin production, is an effective treatment and is recommended as first-line therapy for acute edema attacks in patients with HAE (Craig et al., 2013; Maurer et al., 2013; Martinez-Saguer et al., 2014). The gene discussed is SERPING1; the disease is hereditary angioedema.