DMD and familial hypercholesterolemia: Several AON-based therapies are now marketed in the United States and Europe, such as fomivirsen (the first approved by the US FDA for cytomegalovirus retinitis), mipomirsen for familial hypercholesterolemia (it binds to APOB-100 transcripts and induces RNase H-mediated cleavage of the targeted RNA), and eteplirsen (binds to exon 51 of the DMD gene to produce partially functional dystrophin protein) and more recently givosiran and golodirsen (they bind to exon 53 of DMD) for Duchenne muscular dystrophy (for review: [70]).