In this context, some cytokines that can be released either by T cells, or by monocytes/macrophages, including TNF, IL-1, IL-6, and IL-17, interact to generate a cascade of cytokines, which induce chronic inflammatory responses and are involved in the etiology and progression of RA (Xu et al. 2017). The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is rheumatoid arthritis.