TNF and muscular dystrophy: In conclusion, although these results are mainly confirmatory about what was observed in other muscular dystrophies, the present study gives a new perspective of LGMDD2 pathology from a holistic point of view, providing the factors involved in this type of muscular dystrophy, such as IL-17, metallopeptidases, cytokines such as TNF and IL-1β or interferons, which together suggest a basal immune activation and an inflammatory state in LGMDD2 patients.