So far, because the favorable therapeutic effect of ICIs in some solid tumors and hematological tumors, several of them have been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for second-line or even first-line treatment of advanced NSCLC [7], including nivolumab (PD-1 inhibitor), pembrolizumab (PD-1 inhibitor), atezolizumab (PD-L1 inhibitor), durvalumab (PD-L1 inhibitor), avelumab (PD-L1 inhibitor), ipilimumab (CTLA-4 inhibitor), and tremelimumab (CTLA-4 inhibitor) [8–12]. The gene discussed is CTLA4; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.