SPOCD1 and clear cell renal carcinoma: Most notably, some studies have explored the biological function of SPOCD1 in human cancer, such as gastric cancer, clear cell renal cell carcinoma, ovarian cancer, osteosarcoma, and glioma (Zhu et al., 2017; Liang et al., 2018; Liu et al., 2018; Sakaguchi et al., 2018; Liu et al., 2020).