RAN and Huntington disease: In addition, it was also shown that RAN translation also occur through the coding CAG repeat expansion in the HTT alternative reading frames leading overall to both canonical translation of the HTT poly-Q expansion protein and to four additional RAN-translated sense and antisense homo-polymeric repeat proteins (poly-alanine, poly-serine, poly-leucine, poly-cysteine) that are toxic and aggregate in a CAG repeat length dependent mechanism in autopsied brains from human HD patients (Bañez-Coronel et al., 2015).