SMAD2 and nasopharyngeal carcinoma: Of late, TROY was confirmed as a susceptibility gene for nasopharyngeal cancer and lung cancer (Bei et al., 2010; Hu et al., 2011), and TROY can bind to TGFβ receptor I and block TGFβ downstream signal Smad2/3, thereby promoting tumor growth in nasopharyngeal cancer (Deng et al., 2018).