Furthermore, TFs, including nuclear factor kappa beta (NF-κB), PU.1, the Ets-1 family, activator protein 1 (AP1), Krϋppel-like factor 2 (KLF2), zinc fingers and homeoboxes 2 (Zhx2), and activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), play a critical role in atherosclerosis [18]. This evidence concerns the gene ATF4 and atherosclerosis.