Endostatin and angiostatin arming has been demonstrated to improve vascular collapse in VV,91 HSV,92 MV93 and AdV-based systems.94 Similarly, α-VEGF antibody arming strategies have been explored in VV and AdV systems that can result in decreased microvessel density.95 96 IL-12, CXCR12 and CXCR4 have well-established anti-angiogenic properties.65 While OVs may be powerful agents to target tumor angiogenesis, blood vessel perfusion recovers as the virus is cleared, demonstrating a need for multiple injections or sequential combination with alternative agents.90 Here, VEGFA is linked to neoplasm.