The E1A protein of AdV downregulates VEGF expression.86 An oncolytic AdV (OBP-301, Telomelysin), in which the human telomerase reverse transcriptase promoter element drives expression of E1 genes was reported to mediate vascular collapse through activation of immune-mediated anti-angiogenic factor production.87 VSV targeting of I.T blood vessels induces clot formation and inflammation within tumor blood vessels.88 VV has also been demonstrated to exert powerful anti-angiogenic effects. This evidence concerns the gene VEGFA and neoplasm.