EGFR and neoplasm: Dysregulated epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)/Ras signaling pathways and increased levels of VEGF in tumor vasculature act to naturally support VV infection that results in vascular leakage and collapse.89 Vascular leakage, rather than normalization that is often associated with anti-angiogenics, facilitates systemic delivery of VV from vasculature to tumor cells.90 Arming strategies to address neovascularization in the tumor have been explored.