HNF4A and Menkes disease: 5 Additionally, T2D-associated variants have also been mapped to binding sites in DNA regulatory sites of the TFs associated with MD, including HNF1A, HNF4A, HNF1B, PDX1, FOXA2, and NEUROD1.72 GWAS-identified candidate genes that are associated with T2D can be genetically modulated in hPSCs to serve as a model, along with its isogenic lines, for investigating their exact roles in T2D pathogenesis.