CD5 and type 1 diabetes mellitus: This included a CD5 locus that was significantly associated with IgD+ CD5++ proportion in B cells (Supplementary file 1F), which may be important as recent studies have reported the relevance of IgD+ CD5++ B cells in T1D (Saxena et al., 2017) and other autoimmune diseases such as Graves’ disease (Van der Weerd et al., 2013).