According to Rajaraman, an increase in SOD3 in the blood can be a risk factor for the presence of meningiomas or gliomas, but according to a 2019 study, that there was no relationship between superoxide dismutase and any type of intracranial tumour, such as gliomas and meningiomas, and concluded that superoxide values could not be a factor. The gene discussed is SOD3; the disease is central nervous system cancer.