HMGB1 and neoplasm: Similar to chemotherapeutic agents, oncolytic virus (OV), an in situ tumor vaccine, can generate a pro-inflammatory response by producing pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and releasing tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) 142.Gebremeskel et al. found that lysovirus-induced tumor cell death exhibited significant features of the ICD including elevated HMGB1 levels.