The researchers analyzed changes in serum vash-1 and other biomarkers in 692 patients with T2DM, and found that the UACR, VASH-1, HbA1c, ESR, CRP, VEGF, HIF-1α, TNF-α, and TGF-β1 levels in all patient groups were significantly higher, and the SIRT1 levels were lower compared to healthy controls. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.