To test if TNFα or IL-1β cytokine signaling pathways were required to produce the robust anti-tumor immune response found when 5-FU is added to ICB, we administered TNFα or IL‐1β blocking antibodies throughout the 5-FU+ICB treatment schedule in AB1-HA tumor bearing mice (Figures 4H, I). This evidence concerns the gene IL1B and neoplasm.