Zhong et al. (2018) showed that the catalytic activity of CMPK2 in mitochondria was essential for NLRP3-dependent caspase-1 activation and interleukin (IL)-1β production. In a study of the therapeutic effects of cannabidiol (CBD) on oral ulcer, it was found that CBD accelerated oral ulcer recovery by inhibiting CMPK2-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pyroptosis (Qi et al., 2021). The gene discussed is CASP1; the disease is Oral ulcer.