AFP and hepatocellular carcinoma: For HBV HCC development, male gender (2.848, 1.628–4.982, p < 0.001), high high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (1.024, 1.009–1.040, p = 0.002), high FIB4 score (1.283, 1.197–1.375, p < 0.001), high platelet count < 150 ×103 cells/μL (2.124, 1.225–3.682, p = 0.007), and AFP ≥ 15 ng/mL (15.961, 7.890–32.285, p < 0.001) were independent risk factors.