PTEN and thyroid gland carcinoma: Cancer genomics data derived from different hystotypes of thyroid cancers (Cancer Genome Atlas, Cosmic and cBioportal) have identified frequent mutations in receptor tyrosine kinases, in components of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathways, chromosomal rearrangements and in tumour suppressor gene p53, or PTEN and TERT genes (Figure 1) [9,10].