EGb also downregulated expression of several genes that regulate innate immune response to viral infection and cytokine production, such as interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) IRF-3 and -7, which are primary transcriptional factors regulate the type I IFN response after RNA virus infections [34]; IFN-stimulated antiviral genes MxA and tetherin, critical for controlling VSV infection [33]; but also NFĸB transcription factors that mediate induction of various pro-inflammatory genes in innate immune cells; and SOCS, the main regulators of antimicrobial innate immune response [35,36]. Here, IRF3 is linked to viral infectious disease.