Such an ROS-generating NIR-II PTT could be combined with anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (aPD-1) antibody-mediated immune checkpoint blockade therapy to allow for the increased infiltration of T cells into tumor tissues, leading to the eradication of primary tumors and the significant inhibition of distant tumor growth in 4T1 tumor-bearing-mouse models. This evidence concerns the gene PDCD1 and neoplasm.