TNF and susceptibility to pneumonia measurement: Inhibits SARS-CoV PLpro, IC50 = 5.7 μM, in vitroAmeliorates pneumonia-induced lung injury through a reduction of the activity and infiltration of neutrophils and the inhibition of inflammatory response in pre-clinical pneumonia models. Inhibits the production of MDA, NO, MPO activity and TNF-alpha levels. Prevents lung infections